It is only shows details of joints for rigid pavement together, not connection. Compared to flexible pavement, rigid pavements are placed either directly on the prepared subgrade or on a single layer of granular or stabilized material. The structural capacity of the rigid pavement is largely provided by the slab itself. This study identifies the breakevenpoint between the use of a rigid or flexible pavement in function of the traffic and subgrade support related to costm2 and discount rate, through cbr method of flexible pavement design and pca66 rigid pavement design.
Before we differentiate between flexible pavements and rigid pavements, it is better to first know about them. Subgrade compacted soil layer which forms the foundation for the pavement system. Temperature variation of flexible and rigid pavements in. Types of pavements flexible pavement rigid pavement. This study identifies the breakevenpoint between the use of a rigid or flexible pavement in function of the traffic and subgrade support related to costm2 and discount rate, through cbr method of flexible pavement design and. Highway engineering is an engineering discipline branching from civil engineering that involves the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of roads, bridges, and tunnels to ensure safe and effective transportation of people and goods.
In truly elastic deflection, permanent unevenness does not occur, even under repeated. Wide range of pavement structures new rehabilitated flexible, rigid, composite explicit treatment of major factors traffic overweight trucks climate site specific and over time materials new and different support foundation and existing pavement. Rigid pavements are constructed by using pcc cement, aggregate, water and dowel bars for joints. The two most important factors that govern pavement design are soil subgrade strength and traffic loading. Critical condition of stress in the rigid pavement is the maximum flexural stress occurring in the slab due to wheel load and the temperature changes. Historically, pavements have been divided into two broad categories, rigid and flexible. Chapter 8 pavement joints limited revisions revision 1. Flexible and rigid pavements road surface strength of. In recognition of the importance of pavement smoothness, many highway agencies employ specifications to control initial pavement smoothness during construction and then monitor it over time as an indicator of performance and as a trigger for maintenance or rehabilitation. Flexible pavement deflectionsmethods of analysis and. The essential difference between flexible and rigid pavement are as follows. A pavement constructed on an existing base pavement to increase loadcarrying capacity or correct a surface defect. Appendix n examples of use of the design procedure for rigid pavements.
The properties most relevant to an economic comparison are the material composition and roughness of the pavement. Today the majority of us state agencies build jointed plain pavements. A rigid pavement used to strengthen an existing flexible. Woods,director februaryl,1962 jointhighwayresearchproject from. H1005a with general revision revision nov 96 sepl96. Revised april 2007 chapter 7 pavement maintenance frost protection layer provides a barrier against frost action and frost penetration into the lower frostsusceptible layers. Updated on feb 2017 carriageway a carriage way is defined as the width or portion of road which is used by the vehicular traffic for their movement. Comparison of rigid pavement thickness design systems. What is the difference between flexible and rigid pavement.
Types of pavements flexible pavements and rigid pavements. On versatility, concrete pavements can be 1 designed to last from 10 to 50 years, 2 used to rehabilitate old asphalt pavement using white topping. Difference between flexible and rigid pavements civil snapshot. Apr 27, 2015 updated on feb 2017 carriageway a carriage way is defined as the width or portion of road which is used by the vehicular traffic for their movement. At that time pwd was responsible for the construction of roads,buildings,railways as well as flood control,irrigation and military works. The pavement design is also one major factor, with flexible pavements reliant on subgrade strength and rigid pavement dependent on the flexural strength of concrete. The last century has seen an intensive process of urbanization in rural as well as metro cities. Depending on the strength of subgrade soil, the layer thicknesses of flexible as well as rigid pavements are affected. The public works department establish in the year 1854. Director, csircentral road research institute, delhi in simple terms, a flexible pavement can be defined as a pavement layer comprising of a mixture of aggregates and bitumen, heated and mixed properly and then laid and compacted on a bed of granular layer. The demand for better roads and services required researchers.
It is not intended as definitive treatise, and it does not encompass the design of rigid pavements. The rigid pavements posses noteworthy flexural strength or flexural rigidity. Rigid pavements are substantially harder than flexible pavements due to the high modulus of elasticity of the pcc plain cement concrete material, resulting in very low deflections under loading. Final year project ppt the future of pavement design. The rigid pavements can be analyzed by the plate theory. Difference between flexible pavement and rigid pavement. Oct 02, 2017 the essential difference between flexible and rigid pavement are as follows. The properties most relevant to an economic comparison are the material composition and roughness of the. Conclusions two field experiments were carried out, collecting flex ible and rigid pavement temperatures in the dhahran area in the eastern province of saudi arabia. What are the technical differences between flexible and.
For the common range of subgrade soil strength, the required rigidity for a portland cement concrete slab the most common form of rigid pavement construction can be achieved figure 62. Flexible and rigid pavement road surface elasticity. Strength depends upon interlocking of aggregates, friction and cohesion. Austroads pavement design software, austpads conducts. Thanks for contributing an answer to engineering stack exchange. The main difference between the flexible and rigid pavements is based on the manner in which the loads are distributed to the subgrade. Made of cement concrete either plain, reinforced or prestressed concrete. Difference between flexible and rigid pavements is based on the manner in which the loads are distributed to the subgrade.
This paper presents the results of pavement plateau dimensioning, designed for traffic of heavy vehicles dump trucks exclusively with a weight of 2,350 kn, ie. This paper presents the results of pavement plateau dimensioning, designed for traffic of heavy vehicles dump trucks exclusively with a. The experiment did not evenly combine all restoration and overlay options. An ultrathin concrete overlay of flexible pavements is a thin pcc overlay placed on top of. The equipment includes hotmix plant operations, trucks, placement equipment, and compaction equipment. However, the terms rigid and flexible provide a good description of how the pavements react to loads and the environment. This has led for a need of rapid construction of roads and transportation infrastructure.
It is generally central portion of the total land width and the bituminous concrete is placed or paved as to provide good service for the users. Different pavement types use different types of joints and reinforcement to control the forces acting on the concrete pavement. A flexible pavement generally consists of 3 layers not including multiple lifts. These classical definitions, in some cases, are an oversimplification.
Ceogrid nole 2 odded description 01 sleeve revised former og. This is an introduction to flexible pavement design for engineers. Technicalpaper flexiblepavementdeflectionsmethods ofanalysisandinterpretation to. Temporary deforms the foundation material and compresses the air that fills the voids of the base and subgrade.
Properties flexible rigid design principle empirical method based on load distribution characteristics of the components designed and analyzed by using the elastic theory material granular material made of cement concrete. Flexible pavements include hot mix asphalt concrete hmac over. This chapter provides a general overview of the equipment and procedures involved in the construction flexible pavements. Economics analysis between rigid and flexible pavement. Comparison between flexible pavement and rigid pavement in. Jointed plain concrete pavement is the most common type of rigid pavement. What purpose does each layer of flexible pavement serve. There are two types of pavements based on design considerations i. Engineers are cautioned that much of pavement design is governed by codes, specifications and practices of public agencies.
Content of this chapter is largely made available from the university of washington, pavement tools consortium. Rigid pavement is designed and analyzed by using the elastic theory. Hot mix asphalt hma is an example of flexible pavement. Therefore, it is suggested that portland cement concrete pavement shall be used in pccp pavement construction to cater local material requirements. Existing pavement to be overlaid with rigid pavement is composed of an all bituminous or flexible overlay on a rigid base pavement. Flexible and rigid pavements free download as powerpoint presentation. The rigid pavements are made of cement concrete either plan, reinforced or prestressed concrete. Types of pavement flexible pavements and rigid pavements. Consumption on rigid versus flexible pavements along i95 in florida michael bienvenu, phd, pe professor of practice in concrete pavement sustainability department of civil and environmental engineering florida international university 10555 west flagler street miami, fl 33174 phone. The organizations construction works is directly connected to the national programme of development and reconstruction.
Impact of design features on pavement response fhwa us. It consists of a series of layers with the highest quality materials at or near the surface of pavement. What is the difference between rigid pavement and flexible. Jpcp does not use any reinforcing steel but uses dowel bars and tie bars. Load transfer is from grain to grain to the lower layers. Roads and transport department pavement design 3rd year 4 difference between flexible pavements and rigid pavements. How to combine the scaleup model with the lca model in building industry. Jpcp controls cracks by dividing the pavement up into individual slabs separated by contraction joints. Section 5 rigid pavement construction standard specification for urban infrastructure works 51 edition 1, revision 0 september 2002 contents 5 rigid pavement construction 53 5. Width of the carriage way depends on the number of the lanes in the road which again depends on the. Difference between flexible and rigid pavements civil.
Of the 76 rigid pavement sections at theaasho road test, 43 were given a serviceability rating greater than 1. Comparison between flexible pavement and rigid pavement in highway construction. Hard surfaced pavements are typically categorized into flexible and rigid pavements. Engineers must always determine the requirements of the. This paper compares for india the properties and costs of a cement concrete rigid pavement with those of a flexible pavement, composed of granular material, waterbound macadam, and a bituminous course. Subgrade soils are subjected to lower stresses than the surface and subbase courses. Typical transition betweeb concrete and flexible pavements. Construction of flexible pavement linkedin slideshare. Relationship between air temperature and rigid pavement temperature differential. Irc 372012 code is used for designing flexible pavement the stability of flexible pavement depends upon aggregate interlock, particle friction and cohesion. Highway engineering became prominent towards the latter half of the 20th century after world war ii. The design greatly depends upon the subgrade strength.
Pdf a comparative study on rigid and flexible pavement. Cost and benefit analysis of rigid and flexible pavement. Flexible pavement are composed of properly graded aggregate with bitumen tar as binder. Connection between rigid pavement and flexible pavement. Those which are surfaced with bituminous or asphalt materials. Pavement considered flexible and the failure mechanism is assumed to be plastic deformation due to the communicative load over the life of pavement. What are the technical differences between flexible and rigid. Difference between rigid pavement and flexible pavement 1. But avoid asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Since there is only one layer of material between the concrete and the subgrade, this layer can be called as base or subbase course. Typical transition between concrete and flexible pavements \ 1500 rn 19t lilling pvc anti corrosive sleeve 2000 b a ref. These types of pavements are called flexible since the total pavement structure bends or.